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<div  id='write'  class = 'is-mac show-fences-line-number'><h1><a name='header-n133' class='md-header-anchor '></a>三代测序研究焦点⓶动植物科学</h1><p>加快作物、牲畜和工业生物技术研究；真正综合性探索基因组和转录组的遗传多样性。更深入地了解生物学特性背后的遗传学是解决许多农业，工业和环境挑战的关键因素。</p><p>SMRT测序提供了大型且高度复杂的植物和动物基因组中遗传多样性的完整视图，Sequel系统在这方面的应用十分广泛，能够为科学家们带来如下能力：</p><h2><a name='header-n139' class='md-header-anchor '></a>以更高的分辨率探索进化和分化</h2><p><img src='http://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/02_AgBioSpot01.jpg' alt='' /></p><p>如果一个种、属甚至科的生物只有单一的、片段化的参考基因组，将会限制相关研究的潜力。过去使用短读长、有偏好性的二代测序通常只能得到质量不高的基因组草图。高质量的参考基因组加上明确的基因注释能够提供<a href='7.html'>最完整的遗传多样性视图</a>，科学家们借此可以寻找新的、具有重要意义的发现。</p><h2><a name='header-n144' class='md-header-anchor '></a>揭示农产品改良关键基因</h2><p><img src='http://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/02_AgBioSpot02.jpg' alt='' /></p><p>无论是繁殖作物还是牲畜、预防还是治疗疾病、又或者害虫防治，对基因组分的深入了解对于高性能产品的设计至关重要。 Sequel系统High-throughput、Long-read、Cost-effective的测序可以产生您<a href='13.html'>感兴趣的基因最完整和准确的视图</a>，从而更快地响应研究需求。</p><h2><a name='header-n149' class='md-header-anchor '></a>高精度工程生物的工业应用</h2><p><img src='http://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/02_AgBioSpot031.jpg' alt='' /></p><p>通过优化现有的生物化学途径或构建新途径，科学家将微生物和植物转变为安全、包容的工业制造中心。 SMRT测序提供了对个体生物进行测序或对微生物群落进行解析的无缝程序，制造<a href='19.html#header-c102'>完整和准确的基因组装配</a>，可作为工程应用的基础。</p><h2><a name='header-n154' class='md-header-anchor '></a><strong>Spotlight: Closing Gaps, Advancing Science</strong></h2><p><img src='http://www.pacb.com/wp-content/uploads/Pennisi_2017_Header-and-Figure-V2.jpg' alt='' /></p><p>7月20日在Science杂志发表的一篇<a href='http://science.sciencemag.org/content/357/6346/10'>最新文章</a>总结了SMRT测序技术对动植物基因组的贡献。</p><h2><a name='header-n159' class='md-header-anchor '></a>Publications</h2><ul><li><a href='http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2017/03/15/117218'>Workman, Rachael E. et al. (2017) Single molecule, full-length transcript sequencing provides insight into the extreme metabolism of ruby-throated hummingbird Archilochus colubris <em>bioRxiv</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28263316'>Bickhart, Derek M et al. (2017) Single-molecule sequencing and chromatin conformation capture enable de novo reference assembly of the domestic goat genome. <em>Nature genetics</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v542/n7641/full/nature21370.html'>Jarvis, David E et al. (2017) The genome of Chenopodium quinoa. <em>Nature</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28245065'>Vu, Giang T H et al. (2017) Deletion-bias in DNA double-strand break repair differentially contributes to plant genome shrinkage. <em>The New Phytologist</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28131767'>Breaux, Breanna et al. (2017) The Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus latirostris) immunoglobulin heavy chain suggests the importance of clan III variable segments in repertoire diversity. <em>Developmental and comparative immunology</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.biotechniques.com/BiotechniquesJournal/2016/December/Targeted-capture-and-sequencing-of-gene-sized-DNA-molecules/biotechniques-365385.html'>Giolai, Michael et al. (2016) Targeted capture and sequencing of gene-sized DNA molecules. <em>BioTechniques</em></a></li><li><a href='http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/11/02/084947'>Karl, Julie A et al. (2016) Major histocompatibility complex haplotyping and long-amplicon allele discovery in cynomolgus macaques from Chinese breeding facilities <em>bioRxiv</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27889940'>Brozynska, Marta et al. (2016) Sequencing of Australian wild rice genomes reveals ancestral relationships with domesticated rice. <em>Plant Biotechnology Journal</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27749838'>Chin, Chen-Shan et al. (2016) Phased diploid genome assembly with single-molecule real-time sequencing. <em>Nature Methods</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27729240'>Vassoler, Fair M et al. (2016) Transgenerational attenuation of opioid self-administration as a consequence of adolescent morphine exposure. <em>Neuropharmacology</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27702774'>Clifton, Bryan D et al. (2016) Rapid functional and sequence differentiation of a tandemly repeated species-specific multigene family in Drosophila. <em>Molecular Biology and Evolution</em></a></li><li><a href='http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0162868'>Tombácz, Dóra et al. (2016) Full-length isoform sequencing reveals novel transcripts and substantial transcriptional overlaps in a herpesvirus. <em>PLoS One</em></a></li><li><a href='https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27641771'>Dowell, Noah L et al. (2016) The deep origin and recent loss of venom toxin genes in rattlesnakes. <em>Current Biology</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27608421'>Massonnet, Mélanie et al. (2016) Condition-dependent co-regulation of genomic clusters of virulence factors in the grapevine trunk pathogen Neofusicoccum parvum. <em>Molecular Plant Pathology</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.pnas.org/content/113/35/E5163.long'>Zhang, Jianwei et al. (2016) Extensive sequence divergence between the reference genomes of two elite indica rice varieties Zhenshan 97 and Minghui 63. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em></a></li><li><a href='http://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-016-2941-6'>Vanheule, Adriaan et al. (2016) Living apart together: crosstalk between the core and supernumerary genomes in a fungal plant pathogen. <em>BMC Genomics</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27487209'>Nuttle, Xander et al. (2016) Emergence of a Homo sapiens-specific gene family and chromosome 16p11.2 CNV susceptibility. <em>Nature</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26859772'>Singer, Esther et al. (2016) High-resolution phylogenetic microbial community profiling. <em>The ISME Journal</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26882265'>Gall, Cory A et al. (2016) The bacterial microbiome of Dermacentor andersoni ticks influences pathogen susceptibility. <em>The ISME Journal</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.g3journal.org/content/6/8/2563.long'>Palmer, William H et al. (2016) Variation and evolution in the glutamine-rich repeat region of Drosophila argonaute-2. <em>G3</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.pnas.org/content/113/28/E4052.full'>Zapata, Luis et al. (2016) Chromosome-level assembly of Arabidopsis thaliana Ler reveals the extent of translocation and inversion polymorphisms. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.nature.com/articles/srep29543'>Armanhi, Jaderson Silveira Leite et al. (2016) Multiplex amplicon sequencing for microbe identification in community-based culture collections. <em>Scientific Reports</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/long-read-sequencing-technology-to-solve-complex-genomic-regionsassembly-in-plants-2469-9853-1000128.php?aid=76263'>Bellec, Arnaud et al. (2016) Long read sequencing technology to solve complex genomic regions assembly in plants <em>Journal of Next Generation Sequencing &amp; Applications</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.g3journal.org/content/6/7/2213.long'>Rafati, Nima et al. (2016) Large deletions at the SHOX locus in the pseudoautosomal region are associated with skeletal atavism in Shetland ponies. <em>G3</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.pnas.org/content/113/29/7949.long'>Dong, Jiaqiang et al. (2016) Analysis of tandem gene copies in maize chromosomal regions reconstructed from long sequence reads. <em>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160624/ncomms11706/full/ncomms11706.html'>Abdel-Ghany, Salah E et al. (2016) A survey of the sorghum transcriptome using single-molecule long reads. <em>Nature Communications</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2016/160624/ncomms11708/full/ncomms11708.html'>Wang, Bo et al. (2016) Unveiling the complexity of the maize transcriptome by single-molecule long-read sequencing. <em>Nature Communications</em></a></li><li><a href='http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/07/16/bioinformatics.btw360.long'>Suzuki, Yuta et al. (2016) AgIn: Measuring the landscape of CpG methylation of individual repetitive elements. <em>Bioinformatics</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27310614'>Gao, Shan et al. (2016) PacBio full-length transcriptome profiling of insect mitochondrial gene expression. <em>RNA Biology</em></a></li><li><a href='http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/058412'>Chang, Ching-Ho et al. (2016) Structural changes following the reversal of a Y chromosome to an autosome in Drosophila pseudoobscura <em>bioRxiv</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27282101'>Myer, Phillip R et al. (2016) Evaluation of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using two next-generation sequencing technologies for phylogenetic analysis of the rumen bacterial community in steers. <em>Journal of Microbiological Methods</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27251284'>Van&#39;t Hof, Arjen E et al. (2016) The industrial melanism mutation in British peppered moths is a transposable element. <em>Nature</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.nature.com/articles/srep28358'>Bao, Weichen et al. (2016) Assessing quality of Medicago sativa silage by monitoring bacterial composition with single molecule, real-time sequencing technology and various physiological parameters. <em>Scientific Reports</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27120167'>Badran, Ahmed H et al. (2016) Continuous evolution of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins overcomes insect resistance. <em>Nature</em></a></li><li><a href='http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1616504716300027'>Rydell, Jens et al. (2016) Bats may eat diurnal flies that rest on wind turbines <em>Mammalian Biology-Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde</em></a></li></ul></div>
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